Data Platform
Proximity
Middleware / wrapper
Models
middleware / wrappers
Cloud · datastore
Multi-CloudApache KafkaksqlDB
Compliance
SOC 2HIPAAPCI DSSISO 27001
Architecture
Managed Apache Kafka (Confluent Cloud) deployed across AWS/Azure/GCP with the Kora cloud-native engine; adds stream processing via Flink. Built around open Kafka with proprietary cloud tooling.
Data Platform
Proximity
Native (own / self-hosted weights)
Models
middleware / wrappersMeta · LlamaOpenAI · GPT
Cloud · datastore
Multi-CloudProprietary multi-cluster shared-data columnar engine on cloud object storage (Amazon S3, Azure Blob Storage, Google Cloud Storage)[1][16][19]Service-oriented cloud services layer for metadata, transactions, optimization, authentication, and coordination[1][16][19]Massively parallel processing virtual warehouses as independent compute clusters[14][16][19]
Compliance
Role-based access control and fine-grained security policies in cloud services layer[1][16]Encryption of data at rest and in transit on public cloud object storage (S3/Blob/GCS)[1][16]Secure data sharing and governance features integrated into the services layer[1][11][16]
Architecture
Snowflake runs a proprietary three-layer, multi-cluster shared-data architecture on AWS, Azure, and GCP, separating compressed columnar storage on cloud object stores from MPP compute warehouses and a distributed cloud services control plane.[1][16][19] Internally it is a service-oriented system with independently scalable storage, compute, and metadata/transaction services built for OLAP workloads.[16][19]